It is a well established belief that brushing daily strengthens our teeth and makes them healthier. Most of us do this on a daily basis without even wondering how it actually works. One should know not only the mechanism of action of a toothpaste but also the role of individual ingredients which will help in choosing an effective brand. There are three basic mechanisms by which a toothpaste improves the health of our teeth and these are as follows:
• Abrasive Action: The abrasive agent in the toothpaste physically removes the solid particles stuck on tooth surfaces and in the oral cavity by abrasive action. It also helps in removing food stains and polishing tooth surface which in turn will improve the tooth's self cleaning contours and limit plaque build up.
• Antiseptic Action: The toothpaste contains antimicrobial agents such as Xylitol which inhibit the growth of bacteria in the mouth which is especially helpful in gum disease.
• Action of fluoride: Fluoride is an important aspect of a toothpaste and in various forms is the most popular active ingredient to prevent cavities. Although it occurs in small amounts in plants, animals, and some natural water sources, and has effects on the formation of dental enamel and bones, it is not considered to be a dietary essential and no deficiency signs are known. Sodium fluoride (NaF) is the most common form. It replaces the hydroxypatite of tooth with fluoropatite which is not only much stronger but also resistant to caries. It has been shown that topical fluoride can actually remineralize damaged Enamel and essentially reverse the process by which cavities form!
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