Mouth ulcers, sometimes called canker sores, are a common affliction. Often they are simply caused by trauma and heal quickly on their own. The recurrent, bothersome form is known as recurrent aphthous stomatitis or simply aphthous ulcers. Certain triggers for these are stress, acidic foods, specific foods for the individual, trauma, chemical sensitivities, and can play a role in setting off an attack.
The cause of these ulcers is unknown, though it is believed to be some sort of immune mediated condition. At this time it seems aphthous stomatitis is not caused by any infectious agent (viruses or bacteria) and these ulcers are not contagious. Aphthae can also be manifestations of various systemic diseases such as Bechet's syndrome, HIV, autoimmune disorders, Crohn's disease, and the like.
There is no cure for aphthous stomatitis and lesions are basically treated palliatively. A dentist applied treatment, Debacterol, gives almost immediate relief and speeds healing. It is an acidic agent which chemically cauterizes the ulcer surface, sterilizing it, and covering the painful nerve endings. Only available as an in office treatment, Debacterol is 90 percent effective in giving immediate and lasting pain relief. Avoiding known triggers is helpful. A healthy diet with vitamin supplementation is recommended. Excellent oral hygiene, including use of antibacterial rinses (Rx chlorhexidine or OTC Listerine), has been shown to reduce frequency of attacks. Reducing stress is important as well. In severe cases a short course of systemic steroid (prednisone, etc.) may be needed. A new drug Apthasol is on the market and has been shown to have some beneficial effects as well.
